Anaho Island

Anaho Island NWR https://www.fws.gov/refuge/Anaho_Island/ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaho_Island_National_Wildlife_Refuge The Anaho Island National Wildlife Refuge is on Anaho Island in Pyramid Lake, Nevada. It is home to one of the two largest colonies of pelicans—American white pelicans—in the western U.S. Other birds found on the island include California gulls, Caspian terns, double-crested cormorants, great blue herons, black-crowned night herons, and snowy egrets. No boats are allowed within 1000 feet of the refuge.



A BIRDER’S CHECKLIST Birds of the Pyramid Lake Paiute Indian Reservation Field Checklist of the Birds of Pyramid Lake, NV This list contains 243 species (includes 5 hybrid species) which have been observed within the reservation boundaries. The list also provides 6 subspecies or identifiable morphs. The reservation is part of the Pacific Flyway and Anaho Island is a nesting refuge to the migratory American White Pelican. Data was supplied by through 22 years of effort by birders and volunteers of the Great Basin Bird Observatory, Lahontan Audubon Society, Nature Conservancy, and the Tribe. Please submit all bird observations to eBird.org. W Sp Greater White-fronted Goose R R Snow Goose U U Canada Goose A Cackling Goose R Tundra Swan C U Wood Duck R R R R Gadwall A C U A R C U C Gadwall X Mallard (hybrid) Abundance American Wigeon C Mallard A A Abundant; widespread, usually easily found in appropriate habitat Mallard X Northern Pintail (hybrid) C Common; fairly easily found in appropriate habitat Blue-winged Teal U Uncommon; usually eventually found in appropriate habitat Cinnamon Teal R Rare; seldom, but somewhat regularly found in appropriate habitat Acc Accidental; only found in some years C C C C Acc C Acc U U R R Northern Shoveler U U C Northern Pintail U U C R C Green-winged Teal U Occurrence Canvasback C W Winter; December - February Redhead C C Ring-necked Duck U U Sp Spring; March - May Greater Scaup C Su Summer; June - August Lesser Scaup C F Fall; September – November X Birds you have seen during your visit C U Harlequin Duck Surf Scoter White-winged Scoter U C U C U Acc R R Acc R Black Scoter -1- F Geese, Swans, Ducks, and Mergansers _____________________________________________________________ 3/25/2013 Su Acc Bufflehead C C C Common Goldeneye C U U X W Barrow's Goldeneye Barrow's Goldeneye X Hooded Merganser (hybrid) Sp Su F X W Sp Su F Northern Harrier U U U U Sharp-shinned Hawk U R R R Cooper's Hawk U R U U Northern Goshawk R Acc Hooded Merganser R R Common Merganser U U Red-breasted Merganser R R R Bald Eagle Ruddy Duck C C A Red-shouldered Hawk U Upland Gamebirds Acc U R Acc R Swainson's Hawk California Quail A A Chukar U U U C Red-tailed Hawk C R Ferruginous Hawk R Rough-legged Hawk R Loons, Grebes, Cormorants, Pelicans and Egrets Rails, Coots, Plovers, Sandpipers, and Phalaropes C Virginia Rail U R C C C R Pacific Loon R Common Loon U Yellow-billed Loon R Pied-billed Grebe C U C American Coot Horned Grebe R R R Black-bellied Plover Red-necked Grebe R R R Snowy Plover Eared Grebe A C R A Semipalmated Plover Western Grebe C C A A Killdeer Clark's Grebe U C C C Black-necked Stilt Double-crested Cormorant U C C C American Avocet American White Pelican R C C U Spotted Sandpiper Great Blue Heron U U C C Solitary Sandpiper Acc Great Egret U U Greater Yellowlegs U Snowy Egret U R Willet R U Lesser Yellowlegs U Whimbrel R Long-billed Curlew R R R R U R R U R U Sora Black-crowned Night-Heron White-faced Ibis R Vultures and Raptors (except Falcons) Turkey Vulture C C U Marbled Godwit Osprey U U U Sanderling U U U Semipalmated Sandpiper Golden Eagle -2- C R U R R A C R R U A Acc R U U R R R U R C C U R C C U C U U C U R X W Sp Western Sandpiper Least Sandpiper U U Baird's Sandpiper Su F C C U R Pectoral Sandpiper Dunlin R X W Sp Su F Eurasian Collared-Dove U C U U C Mourning Dove U C C U R Barn Owl R R U U R Western Screech-Owl R R Short-eared Owl R R U U Short-billed Dowitcher R R Long-eared Owl R Long-billed Dowitcher U R Great Horned Owl R R Burrowing Owl R Common Nighthawk Swifts, Hummingbirds, Kingfishers and Woodpeckers Wilson's Snipe R Wilson's Phalarope R U R Red-necked Phalarope R U R Gulls, Terns, and Jaegers Sabine's Gull R Bonaparte's Gull R R U C C C Mew Gull R Ring-billed Gull C Western Gull R California Gull A C A A Herring Gull U R R U Thayer's Gull R Glaucous-winged Gull U Glaucous-winged Gull X Western Gull (hybrid) Acc Western x Glaucous-winged Gull (hybrid) Acc Caspian Tern R R C U R Common Tern U Acc R C U Parasitic Jaeger R Acc Acc Doves, Owls, and Nighthawks Rock Pigeon -3- R Black-chinned Hummingbird U Anna's Hummingbird Belted Kingfisher R C U U U R Williamson's Sapsucker R R R U R U U Lewis's Woodpecker R R Yellow-bellied Sapsucker Acc R R Red-naped Sapsucker Acc Downy Woodpecker U R Hairy Woodpecker R R Northern Flicker U U U C Red-shafted Flicker U U U C American Kestrel U C C C Merlin R Prairie Falcon U Falcons, Flycatchers, and Vireos Olive-sided Flycatcher C C White-throated Swift

Flora of Anaho Island National Wildlife Refuge Pyramid Lake Paiute Reservation Washoe County, Nevada Sarah Kulpa Allison Phillips Version 1.1, 2015 About the Authors Sarah Kulpa is currently the botanist for the Nevada Fish and Wildlife Office in Reno, Nevada. When she was a graduate student at the University of Nevada, Reno, she developed a vegetation monitoring plan for Anaho Island which prompted the need for and development of this booklet. Sarah can be contacted at: Nevada Fish and Wildlife Office 1340 Financial Boulevard, Suite 234 Reno, Nevada 89502 Tel: 775-861-6340 Email: sarah_kulpa@fws.gov Allison Phillips is currently a science teacher at Junipero Serra High School. She also started working on this booklet as a graduate student at the University of Nevada, Reno after Sarah introduced her to the joy of island life. Allison can be contacted at: Junipero Serra High School 451 West 20th Avenue San Mateo, California 94403 Email: allisonphillips18@gmail.com Sarah and Allison collecting vegetation data on Anaho Island, NV. Acknowledgements - Thank you to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s Stillwater National Wildlife Refuge Complex (and especially Donna Withers, Wildlife Refuge Specialist) for the support and funding for the Anaho Island NWR plant survey projects that lead to the creation of this plant identification booklet. - Thank you to Dr. Elizabeth Leger, Associate Professor of Plant Ecology, University of Nevada, Reno, for her dedication to this project and editorial contributions. - Thank you to Arnold (Jerry) Tiehm, Herbarium Curator, University of Nevada, Reno, for sharing his plant identification expertise and his editorial contributions. - Thank you to the Stillwater Wildlife Refuge Complex boat operators who got us safely to and from the island: Matt Wilson, Dave Wills, Bob Henderson, and Keith Schmidt. - Thank you to all the volunteers that helped collect data during the surveys: Kevin Badik, Owen Baughman, Charlene Duncan, Jason Forgette, Erin Goergen, Michelle Hochrein, Sandra Li, and Bryce Wehan. This booklet was developed based on data and herbarium specimens collected by the authors during 2009-2011 (Kulpa and Leger 2013; Phillips 2011), as well as data and herbarium specimens collected in 1964 by W. Verne Woodbury (Woodbury 1966). All herbarium specimens are housed at the University of Nevada, Reno herbarium. Photographs used throughout the booklet were taken by Owen Baughman, Brian Kulpa, Sarah Kulpa, Elizabeth Leger, Allison Phillips, and Donna Withers. Plant common and scientific names, distinguishing characteristics, and terminology are as found in the USDA NRCS Plants database (http://plants.usda.gov), Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2013. Jepson eFlora, (http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu), Harris and Harris (2009), or as provided by the authors. Version 1.1 contains updates performed by EA Leger, including reformatted pictures and the addition of new species. Table of Contents I. II. Map of Anaho Island Commonly Used Terms Flora of Anaho Island III. Grasses IV. Annual Forbs V. Perennial Forbs VI. Shrubs VII. Trees VIII. Plant Check List IX. Glossary X. References Native grass community on Anaho Island, NV I. Map of Anaho Island Pyramid Lake Reno Anaho Island – 2014 World View 2 imagery from Digital Globe provided to the FWS through the National Geospatial Intelligence Agency Enhanced View Web Hosting Service Anaho Island National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) is located near the eastern shore of Pyramid Lake, Washoe County, Nevada and is part of the Pyramid Lake Paiute Reservation. Pyramid Lake is approximately 35 miles northwest of Reno, Nevada. Anaho Island NWR was established in 1913 to provide secure nesting habitat for migratory birds, especially colonial nesting birds such as American white pelicans (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos), double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus), and California gulls (Larus californicus). This island ecosystem supports a unique variety of birds, plants, reptiles, and small mammals. Anaho Island NWR is closed to the public. II. Commonly Used Terms A complete glossary of terms can be found in Section IX. Types of plants found on Anaho Island (definitions from Webster’s New College Dictionary 2009) Grass: A herbaceous plant with narrow leaves; hollow, jointed stems; and spikes or clusters of membraneous flowers borne on smaller spikelets. Grasses may be annual or perennial. Forb: A herbaceous, non-woody plant other than a grass. Forbs may be annual, biennial or perennial. Shrub: A low, woody plant with one to several stems; usually shorter than a tree. Shrubs are perennial. Tree: A tall, woody plant with a single trunk; usually taller than a shrub. Trees are perennial. How plants grow (definitions from Harris and Harris 2009) Annual: A plant which germinates from seed, grows flowers, sets seed, and dies in the same year. Biennial: A plant which lives two years, usually forming a basal rosette of leaves the first year, then flowers and fru