Statue Of Liberty

Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island Statue of Liberty National M o n u m e n t N e w Jersey/ N e w York Planning Your Visit The Statue of Liberty and Ellis Island are open daily except December 25. For hours, call 212363-3200 or visit w w w . nps.gov/stli. You can reach Liberty Island and Ellis Island only by Statue Cruises, LLC; call 1-877-LADYTIXor visit www.statuecruises. com. Advance purchase is recommended. Ferries depart from Battery Park in Lower Manhattan or Liberty State Park in New Jersey, exit 14B from New Jersey Turnpike. E N a t i o n a l Park S e r v i c e U.S. D e p a r t m e n t o f t h e I n t e r i o r • No skating or skateboarding. • If you have special needs or questions, contact the park before you visit. If you wish to visit both islands in one day, plan to take an early ferry. Security and Safety Due t o strict security screening, please do not bring large bags, backpacks, suitcases, or other large items into park. • All visitors and their belongings are subject t o search before boarding vessels. • All weapons and dual-use and dangerous items are strictly prohibited. No pets allowed other than service dogs. • Private boats are not permitted t o dock at either island. More Information Statue of Liberty National Monument, which includes Ellis Island, is one of over 390 areas in the National Park System. To learn more visit www.nps.gov. The park is a World Heritage Site. Statue of Liberty National Monument New York, NY 10004 212-363-3200 www.nps.gov/stli ven b e f o r e it t o o k its place at America's gateway, t h e Statue of Liberty over- Your Visit to Liberty Island w h e l m e d those w h o saw it. Parisians, w a t c h i n g t h e statue's construction in t h e i r city in t h e 1880s, p r o c l a i m e d it " t h e e i g h t h marvel of t h e w o r l d . " Set a t o p its pedestal in 1886, it was t h e tallest structure in N e w York City—and The thin copper "skin " is supported by a web of steel bars, which are connected to four main pylons. t h e tallest statue in t h e w o r l d . A German i m m i g r a n t w h o s e ship passed by in t h e 1920s recalled t h a t " m y m o t h e r rushed us t o t h e w i n d o w , t o see this magic statue standing t h e r e . N o w w e w e r e g o i n g t o g o t o h e a v e n . " To visitors today, t h e statue's sheer size can obscure its m e a n i n g . As y o u explore Liberty Island and t h e statue, consider t h e philosophy o f its sculptor, A u g u s t e B a r t h o l d i : "Colossal statuary does n o t consist Observation Level Visitors can take an elevator to the 10th floor pedestal and climb 24 steps to view the statue's interior from underneath. Outside are views of New York Harbor, Manhattan, Brooklyn, Staten Island, and New Jersey. simply in m a k i n g an e n o r m o u s statue. It o u g h t t o produce an e m o t i o n in t h e breast of t h e spectator, n o t because o f its v o l u m e , b u t because its size is in keeping w i t h t h e idea t h a t it interprets, a n d w i t h t h e place w h i c h it o u g h t t o occupy." Liberty Island has interpretive outdoor exhibit panels, a National Park Service information center, and a f o o d and gift concession building. Ranger-guided tours are conducted daily. Program schedules are posted at the informat i o n center and around the island grounds. Selfguiding audio tours are available in several languages at the concessions area for a nominal fee. Liberty Island is open every day except December 25. If you only have a brief time, visit the outdoor exhibit panels, stroll around the island for spectacular views of the colossal statue and New York Harbor, and join a scheduled program. Museum and Observat i o n Level in Pedestal You must have a Monument Pass to enter. Passes allow you t o view the statue's interior and other public areas and visit the Statue of Liberty exhibit and original torch. Crown access is by reservation only. You can get Monument Passes w i t h the advance purchase of ferry tickets: 1-877-LADYTIXor www.statuecruises.com. A limited number of passes are available each day at no charge to walk-ins at the ferry ticket offices. Please allow extra time for this screening. • A limited locker facility is provided on the island for small items and strollers. • If you have questions or special needs, contact the park staff before visiting. For updated park and security policies, please contact the park staff: 212-363-3200; www. npg.gov/stli. If you have questions or need assistance while in the park, please contact a National Park Ranger or United States Park Police Officer. Emergencies only: Command and Control Center, 212-363-3260. Security Information A second security screening, similar to airport security procedures, is required for all visitors w i t h Monument Passes. Besides this full-scale replica of the face, the Statue of Liberty Exhibit has artifacts and explanations of the statue's history, construction, and symbolic role. The exhibit is one level above the lobby. Some Statistics Height from ground to top of torch— 305 ft., 1 in. (92.99 m) Height of statue— 757 ft., 7 in. (46.05 m) Thickness of copper "skin"— %2 of an inch (2.37 mm), about the thickness of two pennies The New From the lower promenade visitors may exit onto historic star-shaped Fort Wood., m Colossus By Emma Lazarus, 1883 Not like the brazen giant of Gree/cramt With conquering limbs astride from land to land. Here at our sea-washed, A mighty The main entrance to the statue is at the real, of the. base at sidewalk level. lightning, The air-bridged Liberty, this most A m e r i c a n o f Americans, was itself an immigrant. In 1865 a group of French intellectuals led by Edouard de Laboulaye, protesting w h a t t h e y saw as political repression in t h e i r o w n country, decided t o h o n o r t h e ideals o f f r e e d o m and liberty w i t h a symbolic g i f t t o t h e U n i t e d States. The t i m e was r i g h t : t h e Civil W a r was over, slavery was abolished, and t h e n a t i o n l o o k e d t o w a r d its centennial. Nationalism, prosperity, and n e w t e c h n o l o g y b r o u g h t f o r t h an era o f m o n u m e n t b u i l d i n g . A u g u s t e B a r t h o l d i , Laboulaye's y o u n g sculptor f r i e n d , seized t h e chance t o create a m o d e r n - d a y Colossus. Twenty-one years later and an ocean away, " L i b erty E n l i g h t e n i n g t h e W o r l d " stood c o m p l e t e in N e w York Harbor. A t t h e 1886 d e d i c a t i o n , t h e president o f France proclaimed t h a t Liberty w o u l d " m a g n i f y France b e y o n d t h e seas." 1811 Star-shaped Fort Wood is built on Bedloe's (Liberty) Island. 1871 Bartholdi tours U.S., chooses site in New York Harbor. 1876 Liberty's arm and torch are displayed at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia. 1865 Laboulaye, Bartholdi, and associates first discuss idea of a monument to liberty. 1874 Fundraising for statue begins - in France. But Liberty's image was already being transformed in its a d o p t e d h o m e . A m i d massive i m m i g r a t i o n in t h e late 19th century, t h e n o t i o n o f Liberty as t h e " M o t h e r of Exiles" t o u c h e d t h e minds and hearts of t h e public despite a g r o w i n g n u m b e r o f restrictive i m m i g r a t i o n laws. As i m m i g r a t i o n p l u m m e t e d d u r i n g W o r l d W a r I, Liberty's role evolved: staring o u t f r o m glossy posters, t e l l i n g citizens t o buy w a r bonds or enlist in t h e military, Liberty was America p e r s o n i f i e d . Later years have seen an endless parade of guises. The image of t h e statue has been used t o lead political m o v e m e n t s , satirize n a t i o n a l policy, sell lemons, i l l u m i n a t e living rooms, a n d a t t r a c t tourists f r o m a r o u n d t h e w o r l d . The shaping a n d reshaping o f its symbolism, over t i m e a n d t h r o u g h o u t t h e w o r l d , make experiencing t h e o r i g i n a l statue in its o r i g i n a l setting all t h e more important—and wondrous. 1877 Congress authorizes site for statue but no money; private fundraising begins in U.S. for pedestal construction. and her name I welcome, ^ ^ ^ T ^ ^ d her mil^tryW. harbor that twin-cities frameSm "Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!" criessne^ With silent lips. "Give me your tired, your poor, bur huddled free, masses yearning to breathe The wretched refuse of your teeming shore; mmm It, Send these, the homeless, tempest-tost to me, my lamp beside the go f^door!" 1 8 8 1 - 8 4 Statue is assembled in Paris. Work begins on foundation on Bedloe's Island. Emma Lazarus writes "The New Colossus." 1879 Gustave Eiffel designs statue's internal framework. flame of Exiles. From her beacon-hand Glows world-wide The Making of Liberty shall stanc woman with a torch, whose Is the imprisoned Mother sunset-gates 1885 Statue is dismantled and shipped to New York. Joseph Pulitzer begins nationwide fundraising for pedestal. 1884 Richard Morris Hunt completes pedestal design. Richard Morris Hunt Edouard de Laboulaye Frederic Auguste Bartholdi Alexandre Gustave Eiffel Emma Lazarus Joseph Pulitzer CREDITS ( ^ ^ ^ m STATUE HEAD AND TORCH—OIEFFREY SYLVESTER; STATUE DIAGRAM-NPV DON FOLEY. COMBINED WITH PHOTO -CATHERINE GEHM; CHILD WITH STATUE HEA SHORTALL/ CHERMAYEFF & GEISMAR HNC/ METAFORM INC ; BARTHOLDI PORTRATTMUSEE BARTHOLDI. COLMAR. FRANCE. LABOULAYE. EIFFEL, HUNT, LAZARUS. AND PULITZER PORTRAITS. AND PARIS WORK SHOP NATIONAL PARK SERVICE 1886 Statue is reassembled on Bedloe's Island. Dedicated on Oct. 28. 1924 Statue of Liberty is declared a national monument. 1933 National Park Service takes over administration of statue f r o m War Department. 1956 Bedloe's Island is renamed Liberty Island. centennial celebration. 2001 Statue closes due to September 11 attacks. Island reopens Dec. 20. 2004 Statue opens on Aug. 3 w i t h safety and security upgrades. Ellis Island O ver a hundred million Americans W can claim ancestors who came througrTCms!ii8i,,W ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ T ^ Island. "There were probably as many reasons for coming " (i 'S s pc i to America," wrote President John F. Kennedy in A Nation of Immigrants, "as there were people who came." Religious persecution, political strife, unemploymicim^^rnnyTj connections, the lure of adventure: these were the circumstances of the greatest migration in modern history, when shipload after shipload of people, mostly Europeans, came to the United States. Beginning in 1892, the majority—some 12 million—took their first steps toward becoming Americans at Ellis Island. Today Ellis Island is a memorial to all who have made thisAmerica's nation their adopted home. Here we can see where the Old World met the New. Through Gate Your Visit t o Ellis Island i In t h e decade after t h e A m e r i c a n Revolution, a b o u t 5,000 people i m m i g r a t e d t o t h e U n i t e d States every year. By t h e early 1900s, t h a t many arrived at Ellis Island each day, w i t h a record 11,747 o n A p r i l 17, 1907. All t o l d , some 12 million i m m i g r a n t s came t h r o u g h Ellis Island. Ellis Island is open year round except December 25. Visitor facilities, ex hibits, a gift shop, and cafeteria are located in the Main Building, the former immigration processing center. Built in 1900, it served until 1954 and is restored t o its appearance in 19181924. The i m m i g r a t i o n station a t Ellis Island o p e n e d on January 1, 1892. Five years later t h e w o o d e n structure b u r n e d , along w i t h many i m m i g r a t i o n records. On December 17, 1900, a new, f i r e p r o o f French Renaissance-style b u i l d i n g w e l c o m e d 2,251 n e w arrivals. Ferries and barges b r o u g h t steerage passengers o u t t o Ellis f r o m steamships. (First- a n d second-class passengers w e r e quickly processed on board ship.) Doctors w a t c h e d as i m m i g r a n t s e n t e r e d t h e b u i l d i n g and climbed t h e stairs; a limp, labored b r e a t h ing, or o t h e r suspected t r o u b l e s w a r r a n t e d furt h e r medical exams. Charles Petioni, with his brother James and sister Blanche, arrived from the West Indies in 1918 (far left). A woman waits to board a ferry exiting Ellis Island after inspection (above). You can follow the complete inspection process in the "Through America's Gate" exhibit. In t h e Registry Room, inspectors q u e s t i o n e d each individual. Included a m o n g t h e 29 questions w e r e name, h o m e t o w n , occupation, destination, and a m o u n t of money t h e y carried. A Jewish i m m i g r a n t f r o m Russia recalls t h e uniforms w o r n by officials: " W e w e r e scared of uniforms. It t o o k us back t o t h e Russian uniforms that w e were running away f r o m . " Those a l l o w e d t o pass continued downstairs, exchanged money, bought provisions and perhaps rail tickets. A t h i r d or so stayed in New York City; others headed elsewhere. Only one t o t w o percent w e r e d e n i e d entry. I Mill IIIIIII A f t e r t h e inspection process was transferred t o U.S. consulates in t h e 1920s, only a small n u m b e r o f d e t a i n e d i m m i g r a n t s passed t h r o u g h Ellis Island. In 1954 it closed completely. Buildings deteriorated until restoration began in t h e 1980s. Today a t Ellis Island y o u can retrace t h e steps of those w h o chose a f u t u r e as Americans. 1808 Fort Gibson is built on Ellis Island for coastal defense. 1830s Immigrants begin to arrive in U.S. in large numbers from Ireland, Great Britain, and Germany. 1855-90 Castle Garden (now Castle Clinton) serves as New York state immigration station. 1862 Homestead Act makes land widely available. Immigrants begin to arrive from Scandinavia. M Photographs and objects from the Ellis Island museum tell a story of their own. Newly arrived immigrants (top) wait to enter the Main Building, 1920. A doctor uses a buttonhook to check for trachoma, a highly contagious eye disease that could result in a failed inspection (far left). F 1870s Congress enacts first restrictions on immigration. Italians, Russians, and Austro-Hungarians begin to arrive in large numbers. 1880s 5.7 million immigrants arrive in U.S. Trunk from Sicily, 1919 1890-91 Immigration station, now under federal control, is located at Barge Office in Battery 1897 Fire destroys original wooden immigration station. Processing returns temporarily to Barge Office. 1892 Immigration station opens at Ellis Island January 1. 1900 Present Main Building opens December 17. 1901-1910 8.8 million immigrants arrive in U.S.; 6 million processed at Ellis, with 860,000 persons in 1907 alone. 1914-18 WW I curbs immigration; enemy aliens are detained here. The exhibit "Treasures from Home" on the third floor displays over 2,000 possessions that immigrants brought from their homelands. These include a teddy bear (above left) from Swiss immigrant Gertrude Schneider Smith and shoes worn by an Austrian immigrant child (left). For general information about transportation, safety, and park contacts, see "Planning Your Visit" on the other side of this brochure. To fully explore the Main Building, plan to spend at least three hours. Use the diagram at left to help plan your visit. The Ellis Island Immigration Museum A 30-minute film "Island of Hope, Island of Tears" introduces you to Ellis Island. Museum exhibits occupy three floors of the Main Building. The exhibits document immigrants' experience at Ellis Island, as well as the history of immigration in the United States. You may rent an audio tour of the museum. Check at the information desk for schedules of guided tours and other activities. Reservations are required for school group programs. American Family Immigration History Center This research facility has ships' passenger records for over 22 million people w h o came to the United States through the Port of New York and Ellis Island, 1892-1924. The American Immigrant Wall of Honor Through monetary contributions, some 600,000 names are inscribed on this wall (above), a memorial t o America's immigrants. It is located outside the Main Building, through the "Peopling of America" exhibit. Inquire at the Statue of Liberty-Ellis Island Foundation desk. Other Buildings Other historic buildings include hospital and contagious disease wards, a dormitory, doctors' housing, offices, maintenance facilities, and a restored ferry terminal that dates from the 1930s. The passport above, from the "Peak Immigration Years" exhibit, belonged to Kalotina Kakias Fatolitis and her daughter Eleni. They came from Greece in 1923. 1920s Federal laws set immigration quotas based on national origin. In 1924 U.S. consulates take over immigration inspection. In later years, Ellis serves as deportation center, Public Health Service hospital, and Coast Guard station. 1939-45 World War II. Japanese, Italian, and German aliens are interned at Ellis. 1954 Ellis Island immigration station is closed permanently at the end of November. 1965 National origin quotas abolished. Ellis Island becomes part of Statue of Liberty National Monument. 1990 Restored Main Building opens as an immigration museum on September 10. GPO:2010—357940/80415 Reprint 2010 Printed on recycled paper.