"Glacier Bay landscape, Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve, 2015." by U.S. National Park Service , public domain
Glacier BayBirds |
Birds Checklist for Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve (NP&PRES) in Alaska. Published by the National Park Service (NPS).
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Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve
National Park Service
U.S. Department of the Interior
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•-
The Birds of
Glacier Bay
CHECKLIST
February,2016
Introduction
Glacier Bay National Park is a 5,220 square mile wilderness,
comparable in size to the state of Connecticut. It contains
both inshore and offshore marine waters, mountain ranges
to 15,000 feet, ice fields and glaciers, rivers and lakes, alpine
meadows, mature coniferous forests, cottonwood/alder/
willow thickets, and glacial barrens. The park ecosystem is
rapidly changing after the Little Ice Age that covered much
of it with ice 250 years ago. As glaciers flux and vegetation
evolves, bird composition also changes and those changes are
expected to continue.
Most of the park is roadless and remote, and even the most
popular areas, such as Glacier Bay and the Gustavus Foreland
(included in the checklist) are lightly visited. The park bound
ary extends three miles into the Pacific Ocean and about one
mile into Icy Strait and Cross Sound. Bird records for those
areas are included. Bird observations are important. Please
leave any bird records from your visit at the park visitor cen
ter or enter them into the eBird database (www.ebird.org).
Common names and taxonomic order in this checklist follow
those established by the American Ornithologist's Union
through 2015.
Key to Bird Status
C - Common. Can expect to observe on 90%+ of field days
in appropriate habitat.
F - Fairly Common. Can observe on 50-89% of field days.
U - Uncommon. Can expect to observe on less than half of
field days.
R - Rare. 1-5 records are expected each year.
V - Very Rare. More than 2 records exist, but many years
may go by without observations.
+ - Accidental. No more than 2 documented records exist
for the species.
* - Nesting.
Record(s) exist or nesting is suspected.
(I} - Irruptive. Populations fluctuate substantially from year
to year.
Kittlitz's Murrelet in breeding plumage
Seasons
Spring (Sp} - March through May.
Summer (Su} - June through July.
Fall (F} - August through November.
Winter (W} - December through February.
This bird checklist includes the 281 bird species found in
Glacier Bay National Park and Preserve through February,
2016. This is the short version of the list; a longer version
that includes habitat, maps and natural history information
is available at the Glacier Bay National Park Visitor Center
or online at www.nps.gov/glba.
Acknowledgments
This edition of the Birds of Glacier Bay Checklist was updated
by Nat Drumheller and was previously revised and updated in
2013 by Bruce Paige and Nat Drumheller. We acknowledge
the contributions of earlier editions upon which this checklist
is based by Dennis Wik 1967, Wik and Greg Streveler 1968,
and Bruce Paige 1973, 1979 and 1998. The format used is
that of the Birds of Southeast Alaska checklist by Steve Heinl,
Bob Armstrong and Rich Gordon. The authors would also like
to thank Steve Heinl, Paul Suchanek and Gus van Vliet for
their excellent suggestions in 2013 after reviewing the manu
script.
Sp
Su
F
w
GEESE, SWANS, AND DUCKS
Greater White-fronted Goose
Emperor Goose
Snow Goose
Ross's Goose
Brant
Cackling Goose
Canada Goose
Trumpeter Swan
Tundra Swan
Wood Duck
Gadwall
Eurasian Wigeon
American Wigeon
F
V
F
V
F
V
F
+
+
F
u
C
u
u
R
C
American Black Duck
Mallard
Blue-winged Teal
Cinnamon Teal
Northern Shoveler
Northern Pintail
Green-winged Teal
Canvasback
Redhead
Ring-necked Duck
+
u
V
F*
V
+
+
u
C
u
R
F
C
C
R
V
F
V
R
+
u
C*
U*
V
U*
U*
U*
+
V
R
u
u
C
u
u
u
C
F
V
+
u
C
R
C
+
+
F
R
u
F
V
+
R
u
u
u
R
King Eider
+
+
+
+
Common Eider
V*
F*
C
C
R
R*
R
R*
F*
R*
F*
U*
+
Red-breasted Merganser
V
F
C
C
F
C
C
F
C
R
F
C
Ruddy Duck
+
Lesser Scaup
Steller's Eider
Harlequin Duck
Surf Scoter
White-winged Scoter
Black Scoter
Long-tailed Duck
Bufflehead
Common Goldeneye
Barrow's Goldeneye
Hooded Merganser
Common Merganser
GROUSE, PTARMIGAN
Willow Ptarmigan
Rock Ptarmigan
White-tailed Ptarmigan
Sooty Grouse
+
u
u
u
C
F
C
C
F
C
C
F
C
R
F
C
u
u
u
F
LOONS, GREBES
Red-throated Loon
Pacific Loon
Common Loon
Yellow-billed Loon
Pied-billed Grebe
Horned Grebe
F
C
C
u
C
C
C
C
F
C
C
F
C
R
F
C
+
U*
U*
U*
C*
F*
F
C*
R
R
F
C
C
R
V
C
Red-necked Grebe
F
R
Western Grebe
+
+
F
V
F
V
ALBATROSSES, SHEARWATERS, FULMARS & PETRELS
V
+
F
w
Northern Fulmar
Pink-footed Shearwater
Sooty Shearwater
R
R*
Greater Scaup
F
Black-footed Albatross
V
F
Tufted Duck
Su
+
V
C
F
C
C
R
V
F
Sp
u
u
u
u
u
F
F
R
+
C
Short-tailed Shearwater
Manx Shearwater
Fork-tailed Storm-Petrel
Leach's Storm-Petrel
CORMORANTS
Double-crested Cormorant
Pelagic Cormorant
F
u
F
u
F
u
R
C
R
R
C
R
R
C
R
C
C*
F
C
F
U*
C*
C
R
C
F
u
+
u
u
C
u
R
HERONS, BITTERNS
American Bittern
+
+
Great Blue Heron
Great Egret
Cattle Egret
F
F*
+
+
+
+
HAWKS, EAGLES
Osprey
Bald Eagle
Northern Harrier
Sharp-shinned Hawk
R
C
F
u
Northern Goshawk
Swainson's Hawk
Red-tailed Hawk
R
Rough-legged Hawk
Golden Eagle
R
R
V
C*
R*
U*
R*
u
u
V
+
u
R
C
F
U*
V*
R
u
R
R
C
R
R
u
+
V
+
+
RAILS, CRANES
Virginia Rail
+
+
Sora
American Coot
Sandhill Crane
V
V
F
V
+
+
R*
R
F
V
V
F
C
C*
R
F
C
R
V
F
R
V
+
SHOREBIRDS
Black Oystercatcher
Black-bellied Plover
American Golden-Plover
Pacific Golden-Plover
u
u
F
R
+
+
Greater Yellowlegs
Lesser Yellowlegs
Upland Sandpiper
C
F
U*
R*
F*
R*
R
F*
F*
Whimbrel
F
R
Bristle-thighed Curlew
+
Hudsonian Godwit
Bar-tailed Godwit
Marbled Godwit
R
V
R
Semipalmated Plover
Killdeer
Spotted Sandeiper
Solitary Sandeieer
Wandering Tattler
Ruddy Turnstone
Black Turnstone
u
R
u
+
u
u
V
+
+
V
R
u
u
u
R
u
C
C
V
V
u
V
V
V
u
u
+
R
Red Knot
Surfbird
Ruff
Sharp-tailed Sandpiper
Stilt Sandpiper
Curlew Sandpiper
Red-necked Stint
Sanderling
Dunlin
Rock Sandpiper
Baird's Sandpiper
Least Sandpiper
White-rumped Sandpiper
Buff-breasted Sandpiper
Pectoral Sandpiper
Semipalmated Sandpiper
Western Sandpiper
Short-billed Dowitcher
Long-billed Dowitcher
Wilson's Snipe
Wilson's Phalarope
Red-necked Phalarope
Red Phalarope
Sp
Su
u
u
R
u
C
u
R
C
u
u
+
+
+
F
w
Iceland Gull
Glaucous-winged Gull
Glaucous Gull
Aleutian Tern
Caspian Tern
Black Tern
Arctic Tern
V
u
+
R
V
+
+
u
V
+
V
U*
+
R
u
u
C
C
C
F
V
C
+
F*
V
C
+
V
F
R
R
U*
V
R
u
F
C
u
u
F
F
F
u
+
R
+
C
+
C
C
u
u
u
+
u
F*
+
C*
C*
C*
u
u
R
V
u
R
F
U*
F*
C
C*
+
R
F
C
C
u
u
u
C
+
C
C
+
+
u
R
C
C
+
+
+
F
u
V
+
C*
+
R
C
+
+
C
V
R
R
F
u
u
C
+
C*
F
+
U*
+
R
V
R
R
R
V
V
R
V
R
R
+
R
V
u
R
Western Screech-Owl
Great Horned Owl
Snowy Owl
Northern Hawk Owl
Northern P:igmi'.-Owl
Barred Owl
Long-eared Owl
Short-eared Owl
Boreal Owl
Northern Saw-whet Owl
R
u
R
U*
+
V
u
R
u
+
u
V
R*
R*
+
U*
u
u
u
+
u
+
u
u
u
R
R
+
C
+
C*
u
U*
V
+
R
KINGFISHERS
Belted Kingfisher
R
V
u
u
u
V
u
u
u
WOODPECKERS
Yellow-bellied Sapsucker
Red-breasted Saesucker
Downi'. Woodeecker
Hairy Woodpecker
American Three-toed Wood�ecker
Northern Flicker
+
F
R
F
u
R
F*
R*
F*
U*
V*
R
F
u
F
R
R
American Kestrel
Merlin
Gi'.rfalcon
Peregrine Falcon
u
V
U*
u
U*
R
R
+
R
V
R
u
V
+
u
FLYCATCHERS
+
C
+
R
F*
R
C
V
FALCONS
R
F
C
Band-tailed Pigeon
Eurasian Collared-Dove
Mourning Dove
Anna's Hummingbird
Rufous Hummingbird
GULLS, TERNS
Black-legged Kittiwake
lvori'. Gull
Sabine's Gull
Bonaearte's Gull
Ross's Gull
Franklin's Gull
Heermann's Gull
Mew Gull
Ring-billed Gull
Western Gull
California Gull
Herring Gull
Thai'.er's Gull
C
R
V
+
C*
V
R*
F*
C
V
R
HUMMINGBIRDS
F
R
C
w
PIGEONS, DOVES
Common Nighthawk
Black Swift
Vaux's Swift
ALCIDS
Common Murre
Thick-billed Murre
Pigeon Guillemot
Marbled Murrelet
Kittlitz's Murrelet
Ancient Murrelet
Cassin's Auklet
Parakeet Auklet
Rhinoceros Auklet
Horned Puffin
Tufted Puffin
F
NIGHTHAWKS, SWIFTS
JAEGERS
South Polar Skua
Pomarine Jaeger
Parasitic Jaeger
Long-tailed Jaeger
Su
OWLS
C
+
V
F
C
C
C
F
+
C
+
Sp
F
R
Olive-sided Fli'.catcher
Western Wood-Pewee
Yellow-bellied Fli'.catcher
Alder Fli'.catcher
Willow Fli'.catcher
Hammond's Fli'.catcher
Pacific-slope Flycatcher
Say's Phoebe
Western Kingbird
Eastern Kingbird
Scissor-tailed Fli'.catcher
R
R
R
u
+
R*
R
+
U*
+
V
C*
+
+
V
+
R
R
u
+
u
V
+
+
SHRIKES
Northern Shrike
VIREOS
Warbling Vireo
Sp
Su
u
F
w
u
u
F
C
C
C
+
+
Palm Warbler
Yellow-rumped Warbler
C
C*
C
R
Townsend's Warbler
C
C
C*
C*
C
C
+
V
C*
C*
F
C
C
+
F
R
R
C
u
+
C
u
u
C*
U*
C
+
V
F
R
C
F*
R*
C*
V
C*
U*
U*
u
V
C
u
u
F
u
C
C
F*
U*
C*
C*
F
u
C
C
V
V
+
C
C
C
F*
F*
C*
C*
C*
C
C
C
+
+
V
R
u
u
V
+
+
C
u
u
u
u
C
V
V
V
R
u
R
White-throated Searrow
Harris's Sparrow
White-crowned Sparrow
Golden-crowned Sparrow
Dark-eyed Junco
Rustic Bunting
C
U*
R
V
R*
R
R
u
C
+
U*
u
+
u
C
C
V
C*
C*
u
u
C
C
F
C
V
V
V
V
+
u
R
u
+
u
+
V
V
+
+
C
C
R
V
C
+
+
u
V
+
+
u
U*
u
V
Rusty Blackbird
Brewer's Blackbird
R
R*
R
R
+
+
Brown-headed Cowbird
R
V
Black-headed Grosbeak
BLACKBIRDS
Red-winged Blackbird
+
+
R
FINCHES
Red Crossbill (I)
+
u
u
F
F
F
F*
U*
F*
F*
F*
C
C*
u
u
F
F
F
Hoary Redeoll (I)
R
V
+
Pine Siskin (I)
Evening Grosbeak
UNSUBSTANTIATED SPECIES
Buller's Shearwater
Red-shouldered Hawk
C
F
V
Western Tanager
Common Redpoll (I)
V
C
+
TANAGERS, GROSBEAKS
White-winged Crossbill (I)
+
V
C*
C*
F*
C*
Swame Searrow
Brambling
LONGSPURS, BUNTINGS
Lapland Longspur
Smith's Longseur
Snow Bunting
McKay's Bunting
C
C
F
C
Pine Grosbeak
R
WAXWINGS
Bohemian Waxwing
Cedar Waxwing
Savannah Searrow
Gray-crowned Rosy-Finch (I)
WAGTAILS, PIPITS
White Wagtail
Red-throated Pipit
American Pieit
+
Yellow-headed Blackbird
STARLINGS
European Starling
R
Chipping Sparrow
Lincoln's Sparrow
+
C
V
R
+
American Tree Sparrow
Fox Searrow
Song Sparrow
+
u
u
Wilson's Warbler
w
+
SPARROWS
THRUSHES, MOCKINGBIRDS
Mountain Bluebird
Townsend's Solitaire
Gray-cheeked Thrush
Swainson's Thrush
Hermit Thrush
American Robin
Varied Thrush
Gray Catbird
Northern Mockingbird
R
Yellow-throated Warbler
WRENS, DIPPERS, KINGLETS
Pacific Wren
American Dipper
Golden-crowned Kinglet
Ruby-crowned Kinglet
+
+
+
F
C
C
V
F
R
C
CHICKADEES, NUTHATCHES, CREEPERS
Black-capped Chickadee
Chestnut-backed Chickadee
Red-breasted Nuthatch (1)
Brown Creeper
+
Blackeoll Warbler
C*
C
MacGillivray's Warbler
SWALLOWS
Tree Swallow
Violet-green Swallow
Northern Rough-winged Swallow
Bank Swallow
Cliff Swallow
Barn Swallow
F
Yellow Warbler
C
V
C
Common Yellowthroat
American Redstart
+
Su
V
C*
V
U*
V
F*
Tennessee Warbler
Orange-crowned Warbler
LARKS
Horned Lark
Northern Waterthrush
V
V
JAYS, CROWS
Gray Jay
Steller's Jay
Clark's Nutcracker
Black-billed Magpie
Northwestern Crow
Common Raven
WARBLERS
Sp
Little Curlew
Long-billed Murrelet
Great Gray Owl
Brewer's Searrow
+
R
u
F
F
F
+
+
C
C