Southwestern Region PRODUCED IN COOPERATION WITH Southwestern New Mexico Audubon Society & Department of Natural Science, Western New Mexico University United States Department of Agriculture PREPARED BY Forest Service A Species Checklist for The Gila National Forest Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles and Mammals … 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Spruce-Fir Mt. Grassland Marsh/Open Decid. Riparian Conif. Riparian U – Uncommon X -- Extirpated T-Threatened S- Sensitive *R-Reintroduced *The Mexican Gray Wolf was reintroduced to the area in 1998. Information on this species was added to this listing by the staff of the Gila Visitor Center in March 2004. Illustrations by Hank Pavlokovich E-Endangered The particular status of species that are “listed” is shown in parenthesis following the name. Federal Status P – Permanent Resident S – Summer Resident W – Winter Resident The Residence column is for bats only and lists the time of year each Species normally appears in the checklist area. Residency Vegetation Type Preference 1. Desert 2. Oak Woodland 3. Oak-Juniper 4. Piñon-Juniper 5. Ponderosa Pine C – Common F – Fairly Common R – Rare Checklist Key Vegetation types on the Gila National Forest range from spruce/fir on the Mogollon Mountains and the Black Range, to Desert Scrub and remnant Grassland at lower elevations in the Burro Mountains. Ponderosa pine is the dominant species at mid-elevations, 6,000 to 7,000 feet. Piñon/Juniper or oak/juniper/piñon woodland is found on drier sites throughout the forest. This extreme range in elevation and the many corresponding vegetation types provide for a diverse fauna which includes 30 fish species, 11 amphibians, 44 reptiles and 84 mammals. Resident status is given only for migratory bats (see below). The remaining categories describe the habitat(s) where one is most likely to encounter each species, and specific habitat requirements. Using the Checklist __Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus __Black Bullhead Ictalurus melas __Yellow Bullhead Ictalurus natalis Catfish-Ictaluridae __ Desert Sucker Pantosteus clarki Rio Grande Sucker (S) Pantosteus plebeius __Sonora Sucker Catostomus insignis Suckers - Catostomidae __Chihuahua Chub (E) Gila nigrescens __Roundtail Chub (S) Gila robusta __Spikedace (T) Meda fulgida __Loach Minnow (T) Tiaroga cobitis __Speckled Dace Rhinichthys osculus __Longfin Dace Agosia chrysogaster __Fathead Minnow Pimephales promelas __Red Shiner Cyprinella lutrensis __Beautiful Shiner (E) Cyprinella formosa __Carp Cyprinus carpio Minnows-Cyprinidae Trout, Salmon, and Graylings Salmonidae Gila Trout (E) Oncorhynchus gilae __Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout (S) Orcorhynchus clarki virginalis __Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss __Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarki __Brown Trout Salmo trutta Fish Abundance ■ ■ ■ ■ U F X F ■ ■ ■ F U F ■ ■ C F ■ C ■ ■ R U ■ R ■ ■ F F ■ R ■ Residence F Desert ■ Oak Woodland F Oak-Juniper ■ Pinyon-Juniper C Ponderosa Pine ■ Spruce-Fir R Mt. Grassland ■ Marsh/Open R __Smallmouth Bass Micropterus dolomieui __Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides __Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus __Green Sunfish Leopomis cyanellus __ Longear Sunfish Lepomis megalotis White Crappie Pomoxis annularis Sunfishes - Centrarchidae __Gila Topminnows (E) Poeciliopsis occidentalis __Mosquitofish Gambusia affinis Topminows -Poeciliidae __Flathead Catfish Pylodictis olivaris Abundance Ponderosa Pine Pinyon-Juniper Oak-Juniper Oak Woodland Desert Residence ■ ■ U F ■ C ■ ■ U C ■ C ■ Spruce-Fir C Mt. Grassland ■ ■ Marsh/Open X F Conif.Riparian Decid. Riparian Conif.Riparian Decid. Riparian Amphibians Frogs-Ranidae __Bullfrog Rana catesbeiana __Chiricahua Leopard Frog Rana catesbeiana Lowland Leopard Frog Rana yavapaiensis Hylid Frogs - Hylidae __Western Chorus Frog Pseudacris triseriata __Mountain Treefrog Hyla eximia __Canyon Treefrog Hyla arenicolor __Red-Spotted Toad Bufo punctatus Bufo microscaphus Toads - Bufonidae __Woodhouse’s Toad Bufo woodhousii __Southwestern Toad Spadefoot Toads Pelobatidae __New Mexico Spadefoot Scaphiopus multiplicatus t Salamanders Ambystomatidae Tiger Salamander Ambystoma tigrinum Abundance Desert Oak Woodland R R ■ ■ ■ F C ■ F ■ ■ ■ ■ Ponderosa Pine F ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Residence F ■ Oak-Juniper ■ ■ Pinyon-Juniper F C C C Spruce-Fir ■ ■ Marsh/Open ■ ■ ■ Decid. Riparian ■ ■ ■ Conif.Riparian ■ Iguanas Iguanidae __Collared Lizard Crotaphytus collaris __Lesser Earless Lizard Holbrookia maculata __Greater Earless Lizard Cophosaurus texanus __Crevice Spiny Lizard Sceloporus poinsettii __Eastern Fence Lizard Sceloporus undulatus __Clark’s Spiny Lizard Sceloporus clarkii __Plateau Lizard Sceloporus virgatus __Desert Spiny Lizard Sceloporus magister __Tree Lizard Urosaurus Ornatus Short-horned Lizard Phrynosoma douglassii Texas Horned Lizard Phrynosoma cornutum Round Tailed Lizard Phrynosoma modestum Geckos Gekkonidae __Western Banded Gecko Coleonyx variegatus Beaded Lizards Helodermatidae __Gila Monster Heloderma suspectum Softshell Turtle Trionychidae __Spiny Softshell Trionyx spiniferus __Ornate Box Turtle Terrapene ornata Box Turtles - Testudinidae Sonora Mud Turtle Kinostemon sonoriense Turtles-Kinosternidae Reptiles Abundance Desert Oak Woodland ■ ■ U U C ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ C ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Residence F ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Oak-Juniper ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Pinyon-Juniper F F C F C F F U R R F F Ponderosa Pine ■ ■ ■ ■ Spruce-Fir ■ ■ Mt. Grassland ■ Marsh/Open ■ ■ Decid. Riparian ■ ■ ■ Conif.Riparian Mt. Grassland Abundance Desert Lampropeltis getulus __Plains Blackhead Snake Tantilla nigriceps __Common Kingsnake Salvadora grahamiae Ring-necked Coachwhip Snake Masticophis flagellum Bull Snake Pituophis melanoleucus __Big Bend Patchnose Snake Salvadora deserticola __Mountain Patchnose Snake Colubrids - Colubridae __Black-necked Garter Snake Thamnophis cyrtopsis __Narrowhead Garter Snake Thamnophis rufipunctatus __Checkered Garter Snake Thamnophis marcianus __Western Terrestrial Garter Snake - Thamnophis elegans Striped Whipsnake Masticophis taeniatus Slender Blind Snakes Leptotyphlopidae __Texas Blind Snake Leptotyphlops dulcis __Western Blind Snake Leptotyphlops humilis __Madrean Alligator Lizard Elgaria kingii Anguids - Anguidae Cnemidophorus uniparens __ Western Whiptail Cnemidophorus tigris __Gila Spotted Whiptail Cnemidophorus flagellicaudus ■ U U U ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ C F ■ ■ ■ C ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ C C ■ F ■ Mt. Grassland U ■ ■ Spruce-Fir ■ Marsh/Open ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Ponderosa Pine ■ Decid. Riparian C ■ ■ ■ ■ U ■ ■ ■ ■ R F F C ■ ■ ■ ■ C ■ _ Desert Grassland Whiptail Residence ■ ■ Oak Woodland ■ Oak-Juniper F F U Pinyon-Juniper Teids (Whiptails) - Teidae __Chihuahuan Spotted Whiptail Cnemidophorus exsanguis Eumeces obsoletus __Many-lined Skink Eumeces multivirgatus __Great Plains Skink Conif.Riparian ■ Coral Snakes-Elapidae __Merriam’s Shrew Sorex merriami Dusky Shrew Sorex monticolus Shrews - Soricidae Mammals __Black-tailed Rattlesnake Crotalus molossus __Western Diamond-backed Rattlesnake - Crotalus atrox __Western Rattlesnake Crotalus viridis __Rock Rattlesnake Crotalus lepidus Pit Vipers - Crotalidae __Arizona Coral Snake Micruroides euryxanthus Residence Residence Abundance Abundance C R U C C C R U ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Desert Desert R Oak-Juniper Pinyon-Juniper ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Spruce-Fir Spruce-Fir ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Mt. Grassland Mt. Grassland Oak-Juniper __Southwestern Blackhead Snake Tantilla hobartsmithi __Sonora Mountain Kingsnake Lampropeltis pyromelana Marsh/Open Marsh/Open Pinyon-Juniper Skinks - Scincidae Decid. Riparian Decid. Riparian Ponderosa Pine Oak Woodland Oak Woodland Ponderosa Pine Conif.Riparian Conif.Riparian Hares and Rabbits Leporidae __Black-tailed Jack Rabbit Lepus californicus __Desert Cottontail Sylvilagus audubonii __Eastern Cottontail Sylvilagus floridanus Big-eared Bats __Townsend’s Bat Plecotus townsendii __Pallid Bat Antrozous pallidus Freetailed Bat - Molossidae __Mexican Free-tailed Bat Tadarida brasiliensis Plain Nose Bats Vespertilionidae __Southwestern Myotis Myotis auriculus __Yuma Myotis Myotis yumanensis Long-eared Myotis Myotis evotis __Fringed Myotis Myotis thysanodes __Long-legged Myotis Myotis volans California Myotis Myotis californica __Little Brown Myotis Myotis lucifiga __Western Small-footed Myotis Myotis leibii __Silver-haired Bat Lasionycteris noctivagans __Western Pipistrelle Pipistrellus hesperus __Big Brown Bat Eptesicus fuscus __Hoary Bat Lasiurus cinereus __Western Red Bat Lasiurus blosseuillii __(Allen’s) Mexican Big-eared Bat Idionycteris phyllotis __Spotted Bat Euderma maculatum Desert Shrew Notiosorex crawfordi Abundance S P S S P T S S S U C C C C C R F R ■ C U ■ ■ ■ Desert F T S C F S C S P C C S C P S U C S Residence F C Oak Woodland ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Oak-Juniper ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Pinyon-Juniper ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Ponderosa Pine ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Spruce-Fir ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Decid. Riparian ■ __Southern Grasshopper Mouse Onychomys arenicola __Western Harvest Mouse Reithrodontomys megalotis __ Northern Rock Mouse Peromyscus nasutus __Cactus Mouse Peromyscus eremicus Onychomys leucogaster Native Rats, Mice and Voles Muridae __Northern Grasshopper Mouse Kangaroo Rats and Pocket Mice - Heteromyidae __Desert Pocket Mouse Chaetodipus penicillatus __Silky Pocket Mouse Perognathus flavus __Ord’s Kangaroo Rat Dipodomys ordii __Merriam’s Kangaroo Rat Dipodomys merriami Pocket Gophers - Geomyidae __Botta’s Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae Red Squirrel Tamiasciurus hudsomicus __Gunnison’s Prairie Dog Cynomys gunnisoni __Spotted Ground Squirrel Spermophilus spilosoma __Rock Squirrel Spermophilus variegatus __Thirteen-lined Ground Squirrel Spermophilus tridecemlineatus __Golden-mantled Ground Squirrel Spermophilus lateralis __Cliff Chipmunk Tamias dorsalis __Gray-collared Chipmunk Tamias cinereicollis Sciurus arizonensis Squirrels Sciuridae __Abert’s Squirrel Sciurus aberti __Arizona Gray Squirrel Abundance ■ ■ C ■ ■ ■ F ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Oak-Juniper F ■ ■ U U ■ ■ C ■ ■ ■ U ■ ■ ■ ■ Oak Woodland F ■ F C F C C R ■ C Residence ■ Desert U R C U C Pinyon-Juniper ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Ponderosa Pine ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Spruce-Fir ■ ■ ■ ■ Mt. Grassland ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Decid. Riparian ■ Conif.Riparian Marsh/Open Conif.Riparian Marsh/Open Mt. Grassland F __Stephen’s Woodrat C F U R __Kit Fox - Vulpes velox Mexican Gray Wolf (E-*R) Canis liupes baileyi U F U P ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Mt. Grassland U ■ Marsh/Open ■ ■ ■ Decid. Riparian X ■ ■ F F ■ C ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ F ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Ponderosa Pine ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Pinyon-Juniper ■ Spruce-Fir F ■ ■ C __Coyote - Canis latrans __Gray Fox Urocyon cinereoargenteus Dogs and Allies - Canidae Porcupines - Erethizontidae __Porcupine Erethizon dorsatum Beaver Castor canadensis Beaver - Castoridae __Mexican Woodrat Neotoma mexicana __Montane Vole Microtus montanus __Mexican Vole Microtus mexicanus __Long-tailed Vole Microtus longicaudus __Southern Red-backed Vole Clethrionomys gapperi __ Meadow Vole Microtus pennsylvanicus __Muskrat Ondatra zibethicus __House Mouse Mus musculus Neotoma stephensi ■ C ■ C ■ ■ ■ ■ C F C Neotoma albigula Residence ■ ■ Desert C Oak Woodland ■ Oak-Juniper U Abundance __Grateful Mouse Peromyscus gratus __Deer Mouse Peromyscus maniculatus __White-footed Mouse Peromyscus leucopus __Brush Mouse Peromyscus boylii __Piñon Mouse Peromyscus truei _ Hispid Cotton Rat Sigmodon hispidus __Yellow-bellied Cotton Rat Sigmodon fulviventer __White-throated Woodrat Conif.Riparian ■ ■ Desert ■ ■ F F F Bighorn Sheep Bovidae __Bighorn Sheep Ovis canadensis F C C ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ U F ■ U U ■ ■ ■ F C U U ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ U ■ ■ Residence ■ ■ Oak Woodland ■ Oak-Juniper F F F Abundance Pronghorn Antilocapridae __Pronghorn Antilocapra Americana Deer and Allies Cervidae __Elk or Wapiti Cervus elaphus __Mule Deer Odocoileus hemionus __White-tailed Deer Odocoileus virginianus Javelina - Tayassuidae __Collared Peccary (Javelina) Tayassu tajacu Cats - Felidae __Bobcat Felis rufus __Mountain Lion Puma concolor Weasels, Skunks and Allies Mustelidae __Long-tailed Weasel Mustela frenata __Badger Taxidea taxus __Striped Skunk Mephitis mephitis __Hooded Skunk Mephitis macroura __Western Spotted Skunk Spilogale gracilis __Common Hog-nosed Skunk Conepatus mesoleucus __Raccoon Procyon lotor __Ringtail Bassariscus astutus __Coati Nasua narica Procyonidae Raccoon and Allies - Bears - Ursidae __Black Bear Ursus americanus Pinyon-Juniper ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Ponderosa Pine ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Spruce-Fir ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Mt. Grassland ■ ■ Decid. Riparian ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Conif.Riparian Marsh/Open