Marshall Gold Discovery State Historic Park - California
Marshall Gold Discovery State Historic Park marks the discovery of gold by James W. Marshall at Sutter's Mill in 1848, sparking the California Gold Rush. The park grounds include much of the historic town of Coloma, California, which is now considered a ghost town as well as a National Historic Landmark District. The park contains two California Historical Landmarks: a monument to commemorate James Marshall (#143) and the actual spot where he first discovered gold in 1848 (#530).
maps Eldorado NF - South Lake Tahoe Recreation Map of South Lake Tahoe in the Eldorado National Forest (NF) in California. Published by the U.S. Forest Service (USFS).
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https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=484
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marshall_Gold_Discovery_State_Historic_Park
Marshall Gold Discovery State Historic Park marks the discovery of gold by James W. Marshall at Sutter's Mill in 1848, sparking the California Gold Rush. The park grounds include much of the historic town of Coloma, California, which is now considered a ghost town as well as a National Historic Landmark District. The park contains two California Historical Landmarks: a monument to commemorate James Marshall (#143) and the actual spot where he first discovered gold in 1848 (#530).
Marshall Gold
Discovery
State Historic Park
Our Mission
The mission of California State Parks is
to provide for the health, inspiration and
education of the people of California by helping
to preserve the state’s extraordinary biological
diversity, protecting its most valued natural and
cultural resources, and creating opportunities
for high-quality outdoor recreation.
“
Monday 24th.
This day some kind of mettle
was found in the tail race
that looks like goald, first
discovered by James Martial,
the Boss of the Mill.”
California State Parks supports equal access.
Prior to arrival, visitors with disabilities who
need assistance should contact the park at
(530) 622-3470. If you need this publication in an
alternate format, contact interp@parks.ca.gov.
CALIFORNIA STATE PARKS
P.O. Box 942896
Sacramento, CA 94296-0001
For information call: (800) 777-0369
(916) 653-6995, outside the U.S.
711, TTY relay service
www.parks.ca.gov
Marshall Gold Discovery
State Historic Park
Hwy. 49/Coloma Road at Bridge Street
PO Box 265, Coloma, CA 95613
(530) 622-3470
www.parks.ca.gov/marshallgold
© 2004 California State Parks (Rev. 2017)
— from Henry Bigler’s Diary,
January 1848
A
long California’s historic
Highway 49, tucked neatly
into a beautifully forested
valley in the Sierra foothills,
Marshall Gold Discovery State
Historic Park straddles the
South Fork of the American
River. Here, on January 24,
1848, James Marshall found
gold flakes in the tailrace and
sparked one of history’s largest
human migrations.
Photo courtesy of California
State Library, Sacramento, California
their home along the American River
“Cullumah,” now known as Coloma.
As “river people,” they enjoyed an
abundance of freshwater fish as well as
waterfowl, elk, deer, and small game and
lived on a staple diet of acorns, seeds,
and fruits. The hollowed-out holes
in a large bedrock in the park — the
last remaining evidence of the native
people’s original presence here — show
how they processed the acorns that
Sutter’s Mill replica formed their main diet.
Until they met fur trappers in the late
PARK HISTORY
1820s, the native people had little contact
Native People
with the outside world. By the late 1830s,
For thousands of years, the Nisenan and
however, diseases introduced by the
foothill Miwok people built their domenewcomers had nearly decimated
shaped houses and cedar bark structures
the native people. When gold was
in villages along the streams and
discovered along the American River
tributaries that drained into the
in the Coloma Valley, hordes of goldAmerican, Cosumnes, Bear,
seekers seized control of the California
and Yuba rivers. They called
Indians’ fishing and gathering sites. By
1849, the remaining native people who
Watercolor of an Eastern
had survived the combined hardships
Miwok woman fashioning a
of disease and conflicts with settlers
seed-gathering basket,
had dispersed to more remote foothills
by Seth Eastman
and valleys. A few turned to mining, and
some went to work for John Sutter.
January 24, 1848 — GOLD DISCOVERY
John Sutter was founder of “New
Helvetia” — later named Sacramento —
and a vast agricultural empire in the
Sacramento Valley. He partnered with
James W. Marshall to go into the
Artwork courtesy of W. Duncan and Nevin MacMillan,
and Afton Historical Society Press
lumber business. They selected Coloma
Valley, 45 miles east of Sutter’s fort, as a
mill site because it had a river for power
and stands of large ponderosa pine trees
for lumber. As equal partners, Sutter
would furnish the capital and Marshall
would oversee the mill’s construction
and daily operation.
In the fall of 1847, Marshall began
construction of the mill with a labor force
that included local Indians and members
of the U.S. Army Mormon Battalion. A low
dam was built across the river to direct
part of the stream into the diversion
channel that would carry it through the
mill. By January of
the next year, the
mill was ready to be
tested. However, the
tailrace, which carried
water away from the
mill, was too shallow,
backing up water and
preventing the mill
wheel from turning
properly. To deepen
John A. Sutter the tailrace, each day
the Indian laborers loosened the rock. At
night, water was allowed to run through
the ditch to wash away the loose debris
from that day’s diggings.
On the morning of January 24, 1848,
while inspecting the millrace, Marshall
spotted some shiny flecks in the tailrace.
l,
workers readily gave him a tithe
He scooped them up
fighting alongside the Americans during
of the gold they had found. When
and pounded them with
their conquest of California in 1846, he
Brannan visited San Francisco
a rock; he then placed
returned home to discover his cattle strayed
in May, he paraded the streets
them in the crown of
or stolen. He met again with John Sutter,
waving a quinine bottle full of
who gave him the task of finding a site to
his hat and hurried to
gold, shouting, “Gold! Gold! Gold
build their new sawmill.
announce his find t
Parque Estatal Histórico
Marshall Gold
Discovery
Nuestra Misión
La misión de California State Parks es proporcionar
apoyo para la salud, la inspiración y la educación
de los ciudadanos de California al ayudar a
preservar la extraordinaria diversidad biológica
del estado, proteger sus más valiosos recursos
naturales y culturales, y crear oportunidades para
la recreación al aire libre de alta calidad.
“
Lunes 24. Este día
cierto metal que parece
oro se encontró en el
canal de fuga, primer
descubrimiento de James
Martial, el jefe del molino”.
California State Parks apoya la igualdad de
acceso. Antes de llegar, los visitantes con
discapacidades que necesiten asistencia
deben comunicarse con el parque llamando
al (530) 622-3470. Si necesita esta publicación
en un formato alternativo, comuníquese con
interp@parks.ca.gov.
CALIFORNIA STATE PARKS
P.O. Box 942896
Sacramento, CA 94296-0001
Para obtener más información, llame al:
(800) 777-0369 o (916) 653-6995, fuera de los
EE. UU. o 711, servicio de teléfono de texto.
www.parks.ca.gov
Marshall Gold Discovery
State Historic Park
Hwy. 49/Coloma Road at Bridge Street
Coloma, CA 95613
(530) 622-3470
www.parks.ca.gov/marshallgold
© 2004 California State Parks (Rev. 2015)
— del diario de Henry Bigler,
Enero de 1848
A
lo largo de la histórica Ruta
Estatal 49, inmersa en el boscoso
y hermoso valle de la falda de
Sierra, el Parque Estatal Histórico
Marshall Gold Discovery se extiende
a lo largo de South Fork del Río de
los Americanos. Aquí, el 24 de enero
de 1848, James Marshall encontró
escamas de oro en el cauce del río
y produjo uno de los más grandes
movimientos migratorios en la
historia de la humanidad.
La fotografía es cortesía de la Biblioteca
Estatal de California, Sacramento, California.
y Yuba. Llamaban a su lugar,
que se extendía a lo largo
del Río de los Americanos,
“Cullumah”, actualmente
conocido como Coloma.
Como “pueblo de río”,
disfrutaban de abundancia en
pescados de agua dulce así
como también aves acuáticas,
uapitíes, ciervos y pequeño
animales de caza y la base
de su alimentación eran las
Monumento a Marshall
bellotas, las semillas y las
HISTORIA DEL PARQUE
frutas. Las perforaciones que se encuentran
Los indígenas
en las grandes rocas del parque — la última
Por miles de años, los pueblos nisenan y
evidencia de la presencia de pueblos nativos
miwok de la falda construyeron sus casas con
originarios aquí — demuestran el modo en
forma de domos y estructuras de corteza
que procesaban las bellotas que formaban
de cedros en las villas, a lo largo
parte de su dieta principal.
de los arroyos y ríos afluentes
Hasta que se toparon con los tramperos
que desembocan en los ríos
a fines de la década de 1820, los pueblos
Americano, Cosumnes, Oso
nativos tenían poco contacto con el mundo
exterior. Sin embargo, a fines de la década
Acuarela de una mujer miwok
de 1830, las enfermedades que trajeron los
del este haciendo una cesta
nuevos pobladores casi diezman los pueblos
de recolección de semillas,
de Seth Eastman nativos por completo. Cuando se descubrió
oro a lo largo del Río de los Americanos en el
valle de Coloma, una multitud de buscadores
de oro tomaron el control de los lugares que
los pueblos nativos de California utilizaban
para pescar y recolectar alimentos. Para
1849, los nativos que sobrevivieron
a los infortunios causados por las
enfermedades y a los conflictos
con los colonos se dispersaron
a faldas y valles más recónditos. Algunos se
dedicaron a la minería y otros trabajaron
para John Sutter.
EL DESCUBRIMIENTO DE ORO — 24 DE
ENERO DE 1848
John Sutter fue el fundador de la “Nueva
Helvetia” — luego renombrada como
Sacramento — y de un vasto imperio agrícola
en el valle de Sacramento. Se asoció con
James W. Marshall para entrar en el negocio
de la madera. Eligieron el valle de Coloma
(a 45 millas al este del Fuerte de Sutter)
como lugar para el molino debido a que
contaba con un río que prestaría la energía
y rodales de grandes pinos ponderosa
que aportarían la
madera. Como socios
igualitarios, Sutter
aportaría el capital y
Marshall supervisaría
la construcción
del molino y su
funcionamiento diario.
En el otoño de 1847,
Marshall comenzó la
construcción del molino
John A. Sutter con mano de obra que
incluía a los nativos locales y miembros del
batallón del ejército mormón de los Estados
Unidos. Se construyó una represa baja que
cruzaba el río para desviar parte del caudal
de agua a un canal de derivación que llegaría
hasta el molino. Para enero del año siguiente,
el molino estaba listo para ser probado.
Obra de arte cortesía de W. Duncan y Nevin MacMillan, y Afton Historical Society Press
LA HISTORIA DE JAMES MARSHALL
Sin embargo, el canal de
la misma conclusión que Marshall.
fuga, que llevaba el agua
Conscientes de su inversión en el
A fines de la década de 1830, el originario
desde el molino, era poco
molino, acordaron mantener la
de Nueva Jersey, James Marshall, viajó hacia
profundo lo cual producía
noticia en secreto hasta que